No4-5(2) 2019
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DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2019-4-58 |
Lukach E.V., Sambur M.B., Fedorenko Z.P., Serezhko Yu.O.
Malignant tumors of the pharynx: etiological factors and epidemiological
indicators in Ukraine
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Lukach Erwin V.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine
Department of Oncological Diseases of ENT Organs
Department head
Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor
E-mail: erwin@lukach.org
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3262-4996
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=660260790
Sambur Marina Borisovna
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine
Deputy Director for Research
Doctor of Medical Sciences
Email: mbsambur@gmail.com
ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9347-2829
Fedorenko Zoya P.
The National Cancer Institute
Anticancer Control Department
Information and Analytical Department of Medical Statistics
PhD
E-mail: ncr.ukraine@gmail.com
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=6602377516
Serezhko Yuri O.
State Institution “Institute of otolaryngology named after Prof. O.S.
Kolomiychenko of the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine”; Kyiv,
Ukraine
Department of Oncological Diseases of ENT Organs
Senior Researcher
PhD
E-mail: yualse2016@ukr.net |
Abstract
The authors analyze the epidemiological indicators of morbidity, mortality,
age structure, relative number of patients detecting during prophylactic
examination and contingent of patients with malignant neoplasms (MN) of the
throat in Ukraine and regions according to the Bulletin of National Cancer
Registry of Ukraine in 2014-2018.
The highest incidence rate per 100,000 population in the regions of Ukraine
was found in Transcarpathian (both sexes – 9.6; males – 17.9; females –
2.0), Kirovograd (8.8; 16.9; 1.9) and Khmelnitsky (7.7; 15.9; 0.7) regions.
Very low rates of detection of patients with MN of the throat as a whole in
Ukraine were observed at the prophylactic examinations: in 2015 – 10.0%, in
2016 – 11.0%.
Annually in Ukraine, about 44.0% of patients with visually detectable cancer
of the pharynx die within 1 year of diagnosis
The mortality rate of patients with MN of the throat in 2017 per 100
thousand population of Ukraine is twice higher (4.5) than the world standard
(2.0).
The etiological factors that cause cancer and the role of human papilloma
virus (HPV) of high oncogenic risk (16; 18 and other types) in the
carcinogenesis of squamous cell carcinoma of the throat are considered.
The data on genetic factors, features of gene mutation, clinical course,
treatment and prognosis in patients with HPV-associated and HPV-negative
malignancies of the pharynx are presented.
For the prevention of pharyngeal cancer in Ukraine, the feasibility of
immunization of children and young women aged 9-25 years with vaccines
against HPV "Cervarix" and "Gardasil" is discussed.
The authors have proposed suggestions for the early detection and
improvement of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with pharyngeal
throat. |
Keywords
malignancies, pharynx, human papilloma virus, epidemiological indicators. |
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