No1-2(5) 2022
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DOI 10.37219/2528-8253-2022-1-56 |
Amirkhanova M, Deyeva YuV
Analysis of appeals of patients with sensorineural hearing loss
to the otolaryngological department during 2015-2021 |
Amirkhanova Margaryta
Bogomolets National Medical University
Assistant of the Department of Otolaryngology,
E-mail: Margaritaroma365@gmail.com
ORCID ID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4106-5057
Dieeva Julia V.
MD, PhD, professor
Head of the department of Otorhinolaryngology
Bogomolets National Medical University, Kiev
E-mail: deyeva@bigmir.net
ORCID ID: 0000-0003-0552-1254
https://www.scopus.com/authid/detail.uri?authorId=55359076200 |
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Abstract
Patients with perceptual hearing impairment occupy a significant place among
patients of the otolaryngology department. They often have psycho-emotional
disorders, social and family disorders. It is important to understand the
etiopathogenesis of the disease. Some cases of sensorineural hearing loss (SHL)
remain with an unknown etiopathogenetic mechanism of development, which
requires more in-depth examination of patients.
Aim: to analyze the number and character of appeals of patients with
sensorineural hearing impairment to the otolaryngology department of the
Alexander Clinical Hospital in Kyiv during 2015-2021.
Methods and materials: We analysed 13,147 inpatients 'medical
records, from which 1,138 patients' cards with perceptual hearing
impairments were selected.
Results: According to the analysis, the absolute and relative number
of patients in the otolaryngology department of Alexander Clinical Hospital
in Kyiv in 2020 and 2021 decreased significantly due to the temporary
re-profiling of the otolaryngology department in these years for infectious
patients with COVID-19. The most common changes in bone conduction according
to audiometry occurred against the background of acute or exacerbation of
chronic otitis media (509 cases). But this figure may be due to inflammatory
changes, rather than true sensorineural hearing loss. 155 patients could not
name a specific cause. These patients required further in-depth examination.
In the third most frequent place indicated hypothermia, acute respiratory
diseases (135 cases). In 106 patients, acute sensorineural hearing loss was
caused by vascular disorders, and 11 patients reported emotional stress as
the cause. Acute trauma caused perceptual disorders in 16, surgery in 3,
neuroma in 1, barotrauma and rupture of the tympanic membrane in 7, the use
of chemotherapy in 3 cases. The average interval between the onset of the
first symptoms of SHL and hospitalization in the otolaryngology department
of the Alexander Clinical Hospital in Kyiv for 2025-2021 was 8.19 days. The
lowest interval was in 2016 – 7.5 days, the largest – 10 days in 2021. The
average duration of inpatient treatment of patients for 2015-2021 was 9.4
days. The lowest figure was in 2020 – 8.1 days, the highest – 10.4 days in
2021. There were 495 patients with bilateral lesions and 354 patients with
left lesions, 289 patients had lesions on the right side. 39 patients with
SHL and type 2 diabetes mellitus had diabetes, 460 had tinnitus and 44 had
vestibular disorders.
Conclusions: Patients with acute sensorineural hearing loss receive
inpatient treatment in the otolaryngology department than with the
progression or exacerbation of the chronic form. Otitis media and acute
respiratory diseases were the most common disorders of bone conduction, but
not all of these cases can be interpreted as sensorineural hearing loss. The
average interval for the study period between the onset of the first
symptoms and the start of treatment was 8.19 days, which exceeds the
recommended time of this indicator. The average duration of inpatient
treatment was 9.4 days and did not change significantly during the study
period. |
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Keywords
sensorineural hearing loss, number of referrals, analysis. |
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